Friday, April 18, 2014

(B4) Alfabeto



Iguazu Falls







(B4)   Alfabeto  




Alfabeto oficial da Língua Portuguesa

A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – I – J – K – L – M – N – O – P – Q – R – S – T – U – V – W – X – Y – Z
Letras “K”, “W” e “Y”: only in special cases:
Used only in the spelling of proper names, place names and their respective derivatives. For example:
Wilson; Washington; Yuri; Kátia; Darwin – darwinismo; Kuwait

In words related to units of measurement, such as:

Km (quilômetro); Kg (quilograma); W (Watt), entre outras. 

In words of foreign origin, such as: Kit; Show; Player; Playboy; Whisky; Yuppie; Yang; Kaiser, etc. 

Frequência de uso das letras na Língua Portuguesa:

Letra
Frequência
Letra
Frequência
Letra
Frequência
A
14,63%
J
0,40%
S
7.81%
B
1,04%
K
0,02%
T
4.34%
C
3,88%
L
2,78%
U
4,63%
D
5,01%
M
4,74%
V
1,67%
E
12,57%
N
5,05%
W
0,01%
F
1,02%
O
10,73%
X
0,21%
G
1,30%
P
2,52%
Y
0,01%
H
1,28%
Q
1,20%
Z
0,47%
I
6,18%
R
6.53%




Mesmo som, letras diferentes.  Mesma letras, sons diferentes.
The same sound, different letters.  The same letter, different sounds.
(like in English; F= fox and cough  or EI = weight and receipt)

LETRA C

C before I and E will sound “soft” like C in English words CIRCLE and CELL
Centro, acento, celular, cedo, celeste, aquecer, sincero.
Circo, cinema, cicatriz, cigarro, ciúme, vacina, macio.
C before A,O and U will sound “hard” like C in English words CAT and INCOME
Casa, contar, curso, cama, encontrar, econômico, encurtar, costa, encostar


LETRA G
“Soft” before I and E: alergia, ágil, biologia, gigante, girafa, girar, gelo, gente, agente, ingênuo
“Hard” before A, O and U: gato, gota, gosto, pingo, agosto, figura, gula, guri.
“Hard” in GUE and GUI:  guiar, aguentar, guerra, guinchar, guindaste, foguete, enguia


LETRA S
Like in English SAINT and BEST: fatos, justo, afastar, mestre.
Like in English BUSY and DAYS: camisa, casa, princesa.


LETRA Z

As in “ZEBRA”:  prazer, azar, zebra, zero
As in CATS: feroz, veloz, cartaz

 

LETRA T

Like in English, but without added the “aspiration”: tango, interior, tomar
In some dialects (in Rio de Janeiro, for example) “T” before I and E, will sound like “chee”: tio, tomate, etc.


LETRA D
Like in English word “DAD”: dente, dar, durar, adeus
In some dialects (in Rio de Janeiro, for example), “D” before I may be pronounced like “jee”in jeans: atende, dia


LETRA R
Pronounced in a similar way as “h” in “HAT”: rato, rei, rua, carro, arroz
Pronounced in a similar way as in “r” in “BETTER”: bravo, virus, caro
Most speakers just leave the “r” out when it is at the end of the word: calor, falar, vender

LETRA L
It sounds like “L” in English words, but like a “w” (in NOW) at the end of the word”
Like in English: Lavar, leve, rolar
Lie a “W”: Fatal, funil, imoral

LETRAS M e N
They are pronounced like M and N in English. At the end of the words ( like in “SIM”, “BOM”,”FALARAM”, “CEM”, “HÍFEN”) ) they are not pronounced, but serve as an indication that the previous vowel has a nasal sound.
Like in English: Nada, mata, meta, imitar
Nasal sound (for the vowel): cantam, pólen, sabem, porém


LETRA H
It is NOT pronounced, but it is used to show different ways to say other letters. It is also used in other circumstances.
In some interjections: Ah! Ih! Heim! Hum!...
In the following digraphs: CH, LH, NH.
Examples: Cachorro, chato, palhaço, alho, amanhã, canhoto.
In the word Bahia, a Brazilian State (tradition)
Linguistic historical reasons: horizonte, hoje, hilário
In some words which are used to form other compound words:
Hiper: bigger, super: hipermercado, hiper-requintado.
Hexa – six: hexacampeão
Hipo – lower,smaller: . hipoglicemia, hipotermia
And others...




LETRA X
Four different ways:
1.    (similar to “SHIP” in English): baixo, caixa, eixo, luxo, puxar, abacaxi
2.    (similar to “BOX” in English): complexo, fixo
3.    (like an “S”): máximo, próximo, trouxe.
4.    (like “Z”): exemplo, exame, exército.


Conversação em Inglês: frases e expressões úteis




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